Philo's work is somewhat enigmatic. For instance, he uses Plato's theory of Ideas in De specialibus legibus I.329 to explain how the Hebrew God made the cosmos: "God created the universe, but without being personally involved in this task, because he, being perfectly blessed, could not enter into contract with indefinite and confused matter. He made use of... Continue Reading →
Valentinus was a Christian, not a “Gnostic”: Exploration of the history shaped by the “Orthodoxy vs Heresy” Dichotomy
In this series, I will look at the historical figure Valentinus (2nd c, CE), whose life work demonstrates an important intersection of second century, CE, Western thought: Hellenistic trends in Judaism and Christianity in Alexandria, "gnostic" influences from Syria and Palestine, a classical education in Greek philosophy and highly sophisticated Christian theology. He is remembered,... Continue Reading →
Power Relations and the Socially Constructed Self: What does this say about “belief”? Part V: Conclusion
Could it be that any Creator worth existing must be beyond human understanding, so that religion is actually a human construct? Perhaps speculating on human behavior in regards to religious habits should be no different than studying any other type of human behavior, because if God is behind it at all, God is behind it... Continue Reading →
Power Relations and the Socially Constructed Self: What does this say about “belief”? Part IV: Pierre Bourdieu
This is the third in a series, in which I will present a partial summary of systems for three theorists and then apply them to a question in the final post: the relationship between social indoctrination and personal belief. To read the previous post, regarding Michel Foucault, read here. To jump to the first post... Continue Reading →
Power Relations and the Socially Constructed Self: What does this say about “belief”? Part III: Michel Foucault
This is the third in a series, in which I will present a partial summary of systems for three theorists and then apply them to a question in the final post. To read the previous post, regarding Louis Althusser, read here. To jump to the first post and read from the beginning, read here. This... Continue Reading →
Power Relations and the Socially Constructed Self: What does this say about “belief”? Part II: Louis Althusser
In the previous post, I presented an overview of this series. Here, I will focus on Louis Althusser. After providing a more comprehensive overview of the three theorists, I will discuss the relationship between social indoctrination and personal belief. Althusser Louis Althusser claims that a primary function of State Power in a capitalist society is to perpetuate the... Continue Reading →
Power Relations and the Socially Constructed Self: What does this say about “belief”? Part I
Early church fathers Clement and Origen of Alexandria both contended that, for God to be truly all-good, all-powerful and omnipresent, it stands to reason that (everything being a part of God and destined to return to God in the end) Satan would also be redeemed, forgiven, changed and would return to the Source with all... Continue Reading →
That Time I Met Satan, A Character Of My Own Imagining…
In the Hebrew Bible, he was simply Satan, but rarely that. In apocryphal (non-canonical) literature, Jewish writers referred to him as Sammael, Asmodeus, Satanael, Belial or Beelzebub. Later Christians called him "the Devil" and then "Lucifer." Folk tales of the Middle Ages gave him names like Old Horny, Old Hairy, Black Bogey, Lusty Dick, Gentleman Jack,... Continue Reading →
Self-reflection as Creation in Apocryphon of John
Apocryphon of John contains one of the most complete and detailed narrations of a gnostic cosmogony, explaining how the invisible and visible realms emanated from the original monad in a highly sophisticated narrative. The tractate takes the form of the popular "apocryphal acts of the apostles," after the Greek "romances", pseudepigrapha attributed to the disciple John,... Continue Reading →
Aleph-Tav and language as the foundation of Creation
Rabbi Rachel Goodman, a friend of Bill Roberts, explains to young Norea: "Rabbi Dov Ber, the Maggid of Mezritch wrote in Or Torah that the Hebrew letters were created first, before anything else. This is the meaning of the 'Aleph-Tav': it is the alphabet from which all creation has sprung! Creation is made of language. We know... Continue Reading →